@article {1395974,
	title = {Phosphate toxicity and tumorigenesis},
	journal = {Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer},
	volume = {1869},
	year = {2018},
	month = {2018 Apr},
	pages = {303-309},
	abstract = {In this article, we briefly summarized evidence that cellular phosphate burden from phosphate toxicity is a pathophysiological determinant of cancer cell growth. Tumor cells express more phosphate cotransporters and store more inorganic phosphate than normal cells, and dysregulated phosphate homeostasis is associated with the genesis of various human tumors. High dietary phosphate consumption causes the growth of lung and skin tumors in experimental animal models. Additional studies show that excessive phosphate burden induces growth-promoting cell signaling, stimulates neovascularization, and is associated with chromosome instability and metastasis. Studies have also shown phosphate is a mitogenic factor that affects various tumor cell growth. Among epidemiological evidence linking phosphate and tumor formation, the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study found that high dietary phosphate levels were independently associated with lethal and high-grade prostate cancer. Further research is needed to determine how excessive dietary phosphate consumption influences initiation and promotion of tumorigenesis, and to elucidate prognostic benefits of reducing phosphate burden to decrease tumor cell growth and delay metastatic progression. The results of such studies could provide the basis for therapeutic modulation of phosphate metabolism for improved patient outcome.},
	keywords = {Animals, Cell Movement, Cell Proliferation, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Homeostasis, Humans, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasms, Phosphate Transport Proteins, Phosphates, Phosphorus, Dietary, Signal Transduction},
	issn = {0304-419X},
	doi = {10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.04.007},
	author = {Brown, Ronald B and Razzaque, Mohammed S}
}
